Eiler, Tanja Joan
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Publication Access status: Metadata only , Mobile phone-based approach bias retraining for smokers seeking abstinence: a randomized-controlled studyApproach bias modification (ApBM) has shown promise in addiction treatment, but effects are small and ecological validity suffers from completing trainings in the laboratory. Providing app-based trainings via mobile phones could increase training efficacy. One-hundred-and-thirty-one smokers seeking abstinence attended a smoking cessation intervention and were thereafter randomized to one of three conditions: (a) app-based ApBM-training; (b) app-based sham training; (c) no training. App trainings were performed on 14 consecutive days at home. Behavioral and self-report data was assessed at pretest, posttest, and a 6-week follow-up. App-based ApBM led to stronger reductions in cigarette smoking as compared to no training. However, both training variants led to stronger declines in nicotine dependence and the sham training was superior in reducing alcohol consumption. Although approach biases for positive cues increased following ApBM training, this effect did not mediate treatment outcome. Other smoking-related cognitive biases did not change after training. Our results can inform future research in the optimization and advancement of ApBM treatment for addiction. Trial registration Registered with Current Controlled Trials: study ID ISRCTN15690771. Registered on 20 November 2018; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15690771 .Source Type:Article5 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Access status: Open Access , Therapie von Substanzabhängigkeitserkrankungen mithilfe neuer Medien(2022)Addiction of harmful substances is still a major problem in our society and does not only lead to extreme monetary costs for our society, but also to costs of life and health of human beings. Despite the possibility of gold standard therapies, this offer is hardly used, and the probability of relapse is enormously high. Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) represents a promising new therapeutic modality that aims to directly modify cognitive biases. A major weakness of CBM, particularly in modifying harmful approach biases using the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT), are the frequently repeated, monotonous actions. Due to these problems, a transfer of the AAT training to virtual reality (VR) was pursued. An accompanying mobile application is intended to allow those undergoing the AAT training to do so outside of the VR lab sessions, which are bound by location and time. To address these research gaps, a comprehensive analysis of the current state of research in this area was first conducted. Subsequently, two VR and two mobile application demonstrators were developed, each of which represent an innovation in the field of therapy of substance dependence disorders with the help of new media. This is primarily due to the use of highly realistic stimuli and immersive virtual environments (VE), which make the VR training entertaining and increase its ecological validity. Using the Leap Motion Controller also improves the transfer to everyday life, as it accurately transfers the hand and arm movements of the participants into the VE. The exact timing allows bias measurements in the VR context and thus increases the validity of the measurements. To answer the research questions, after the application development, various feasibility studies were conducted with the VR demonstrators as well as the app demonstrators. In addition, the final VR demonstrator was successfully evaluated in the form of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Although the results show no modification of the cognitive biases, cigarette consumption was significantly reduced. Additionally, there was successful promotion of positive health behaviors.Source Type:Doctoral Thesis2 15
