Stevens, Gunnar

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Stevens, Gunnar
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    PublicationAccess status: Metadata only ,
    “Foggy sounds like nothing” — enriching the experience of voice assistants with sonic overlays
    (2023)
    Esau, Margarita 
    ;
    Marsh, Andrew
    ;
    Krauß, Veronika
    ;
    Stevens, Gunnar
    Although Voice Assistants are ubiquitously available for some years now, the interaction is still monotonous and utilitarian. Sound design offers conceptual and methodological research to design auditive interfaces. Our work aims to complement and supplement voice interaction with sonic overlays to enrich the user experience. Therefore, we followed a user-centered design process to develop a sound library for weather forecasts based on empirical results from a user survey of associative mapping. After analyzing the data, we created audio clips for seven weather conditions and evaluated the perceived combination of sound and speech with 15 participants in an interview study. Our findings show that supplementing speech with soundscapes is a promising concept that communicates information and induces emotions with a positive affect for the user experience of Voice Assistants. Besides a novel design approach and a collection of sound overlays, we provide four design implications to support voice interaction designers.
    Source Type:Article
    DOI:10.1007/s00779-023-01722-3
      1
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    An Overview of the Empirical Evaluation of Explainable AI (XAI): A Comprehensive Guideline for User-Centered Evaluation in XAI
    (2024)
    Naveed, Sidra
    ;
    Stevens, Gunnar
    ;
    Robin-Kern, Dean
    Recent advances in technology have propelled Artificial Intelligence (AI) into a crucial role in everyday life, enhancing human performance through sophisticated models and algorithms. However, the focus on predictive accuracy has often resulted in opaque black-box models that lack transparency in decision-making. To address this issue, significant efforts have been made to develop explainable AI (XAI) systems that make outcomes comprehensible to users. Various approaches, including new concepts, models, and user interfaces, aim to improve explainability, build user trust, enhance satisfaction, and increase task performance. Evaluation research has emerged to define and measure the quality of these explanations, differentiating between formal evaluation methods and empirical approaches that utilize techniques from psychology and human–computer interaction. Despite the importance of empirical studies, evaluations remain underutilized, with literature reviews indicating a lack of rigorous evaluations from the user perspective. This review aims to guide researchers and practitioners in conducting effective empirical user-centered evaluations by analyzing several studies; categorizing their objectives, scope, and evaluation metrics; and offering an orientation map for research design and metric measurement.
    Source Type:Article
    DOI:10.3390/app142311288
      5