Der Photomischdetektor zur schnellen 3D-Vermessung für Sicherheitssysteme und zur Informationsübertragung im Automobil

The present doctoral thesis describes simulative and experimental investigations of the innovative photonic mixer device (PMD) technology and associated applications in future automobiles. Generally speaking the photonic mixer device is an optoelectronic component which enables the onchip correlation of an amplitude-modulated optical signal with an electrical reference signal. This functionality is the basic of both distance measurement based on the time-of-flight principle and optical data transmission. Concerning the field of multi-dimensional ranging application this work shows at first a possible way to model a complete PMD-camera system with Matlab/Simulink. The result of this approach is a powerful simulation tool which allows the performance analysis of PMD-cameras in certain 3D-vision applications. Another focus of this work lies on PMD-applications in the interior and the exterior of automobiles. Regarding interior protection for occupants the major task is an intelligent airbag deployment. In this context the present thesis deals with the aspects of 3D-image processing with neural networks and polynomial classificators for pattern recognition of various simulated passenger seat configurations.
Relating to exterior applications in the range of security and convenience, this thesis is primarily concerned with precrash-detection and automated stop&go. Thereby the major task was to develop an applicative modulation procedure which considers on the one hand the general boundary conditions of an active infrared sensor, e.g. the laser safety rules, and on the other hand the non-ambiguous distance evaluation independent from the influence of other equivalent sensors nearby. In the field of optical communication the PMD-technology applied to MSM-diodes provides a correlated mixer device for fast multi-access applications. Several experimental results confirm that both a phase multiplex procedure and an orthogonal frequency division multiple access scheme are enabled by using the PMD-MSM-technology. Finally simulation results demonstrate that with the add of the PMD-Technologie even a combination of phase shifting and amplitude multiplex techniques is possible, without interfering of the different transmission channels.