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    Datengestützte Umformtechnik: Künstliche Intelligenz zwischen Prozesswissen, Regelung und Produktionsrealität
    With the 7th Biegeforum, the Chair of Forming Technology at the University of Siegen once again offers researchers the opportunity to present their topics and findings to a specialist audience from industry and academia. This conference volume brings together current research findings and innovative developments in forming technology, highlighting the broad scope of the research field. The Biegeforum thus underscores its role as a key platform for exchange between research and industry — a role it has fulfilled since its first edition in 2011.
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    Embedding optical fiber with laser metal deposition
    In contrast to other additive manufacturing technologies, laser metal deposition (LMD) allows printing on existing metal parts. For smart tools, it would be advantageous to place fiber optics closely beneath surfaces in order to measure parameters, such as temperature and strains. This work presents a novel method to weld in fiber optical cables beneath sheet metal surfaces with LMD. Results show that the fiber optical cable can be enclosed in the metal, confirming the possibility of using LMD to embed fiber optical sensors in the metals. An applicable scan speed for welding has been identified. A need for a metallic strip on the surface of fiber has been identified, which prevents the fiber from being melted. Ceramic sleeve and multiple plastic layers around the cable successfully prevent the fiber from being destroyed. Further research on effects on the optical characteristics of the fibers is proposed.
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      3
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    Empirical research on banks' risk disclosure: Systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis and future research agenda
    The purpose of this paper is to outline the current state of empirical research on banks' risk reporting. In ADDition to the development of the research field over time, regulatory trends and drivers for academic research on risk reporting will be derived. The review follows a triangulated approach: In ADDition to a qualitative content analysis based on the SLR, a quantitative bibliometric analysis using the scientific visualization techniques bibliometrix and VOSviewer will serve as a robustness check. The sole focus of this SLR on banks reflects the regulatory specificity of the financial services industry and serves to derive recommendations for action for regulators, supervisors, and auditors. The Article follows the tenor of macro- and micro-prudential banking regulation, which has raised market discipline to a new level through the implementation of regulatory disclosure standards in the context of the Basel III amendment, with a deliberate clustering of the research area according to risk types. By identifying research gaps and conceptualizing a research agenda, this paper continues to serve the academia to broaden the research field of risk disclosure, especially for banks.
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    Enabling scalable and flexible production through digital twin-based robot–machine commissioning
    (2026)
    Tuli, Tadele Belay 
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    Schiller, Michael 
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    This paper presents a conceptual method for a digital twin–based framework for scalable, flexible robot–machine commissioning in batch production processes. Following the concept of virtual commissioning as defined in VDI 4499, this method proposes a robot-first, event-driven interaction paradigm in which a mobile manipulator initiates transportation, handling, and manipulation tasks while production machines remain in a ready state and respond to the robot's actions. The approach is validated through a proof-of-principle demonstration using a nine-degree-of-freedom mobile manipulator (SkaBot9) with an integrated shelf. The complete process logic and communication architecture are simulated and transferred to the physical system without structural changes. The results demonstrate that the proposed method supports early validation of robot–machine interaction and a potential for commissioning with flexible, mobile robot–based production systems.
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    PublicationAccess status: Open Access ,
    Human Assistance System Supporting Forming Machine Reconfiguration
    (2026) ;
    Patil, Yash Vaibhav 
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    Increased product complexity in present manufacturing sector, shorter product lifecycles, and more variable customer demands, require production systems to be flexible and reliable. As a result, machines are required to be reconfigured more frequently and within shorter timeframes. Reconfiguring forming machines is a complex and delicate task that depends strongly on operator experience and practical know-how gained over several years. Appropriate support system is required to transfer the accumulated experience and knowledge in order to enable novice operators to perform such tasks effectively. This work presents an assistance system designed to support novice operators during forming machine reconfiguration tasks. The proposed system comprises an eye-gaze sensor to observe operator actions and visual attention during task execution. Based on this information, the system identifies potential mistakes and provides real-time feedback on a smartwatch to guide the operator through the reconfiguration process. The approach is evaluated in a controlled laboratory environment, where both task performance and user experience are assessed. The results show potential for the use of human assistance systems to support novice operators in real time during forming machine reconfiguration on the shop floor. In addition to improving the overall system and its evaluation in a real production environment under industrial conditions, future work will focus on multimodal sensor fusion to enable more robust intent recognition and contextual understanding of an operator during reconfiguration of forming machines.
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    Layer thickness measurement of technically anodised aluminium surfaces by using goniometric scattered light
    In recent years, scattered light measurement technology has developed into a common method for measuring roughness, form and waviness on precision machined surfaces.Meanwhile, the application for the material structure evaluation of electrolytically anodized surfaces has also been considered.In this context, we present a novel approach to layer thickness measurement of naturally anodised aluminium surfaces.Our approach is based on the reflection intensity of the light beam, which penetrates the oxide layer and is reflected back from the surface as well as from the layer base.In the approach, a model for estimating reflection intensity I from the absorption coefficient is employed.The methodology is tested by comparing results to a layer thickness evaluation using metallographic preparation.Based on the proposed approach, we are able to measure intervals of layer thicknesses on naturally anodized aluminium surfaces without contact.
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